Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. To preserve and prolong the lives of patients who suffer from these diseases, Russia has initiated the federal project ‘Combating Cardiovascular Diseases’ as part of the National Healthcare Project. The measures adopted as part of the project to equip medical institutions with modern equipment and technologies have drastically improved the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases for patients. What are the provisional results and current achievements of the federal project ‘Combating Cardiovascular Diseases’? What are some of the current problems and challenges with the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and the timely detection of risk factors that can lead to complications? What further steps need to be taken to continue the effective implementation of the project and achieve the desired goals of reducing mortality from cardiovascular diseases in Russia?